No I don’t believe you can do that specific customization. However someone will update this thread if you can.
You can however eg: sort mail folders by “Subject” using the Columns Configuration as in @gary example of the Sent items to show sent items in the drop-down menu in the Inbox folder as in the following thread.
Sorting mail by (Sent date & Time).
Note: Most mailers do display the Subject under the Sender as has been the standard in mailers for years now.